一、要求: 选课系统
管理员:
创建老师:姓名、性别、年龄、资产创建课程:课程名称、上课时间、课时费、关联老师使用pickle保存在文件学生:
学生:用户名、密码、性别、年龄、选课列表[]、上课记录{课程1:【di,a,】}1、列举所有课程2、选择课程3、学生上课,4、ret = 课程.work() 获取课程的返回; 资产+=课时费二、代码思路
1.类的关联:
a、Teacher类:关联管理员,由哪个管理员创建
b、 Course类:关联老师对象、管理员对象(注意:关联的是对象)
2.文件的写入:
a、管理员文件:写入的是管理员对象(封装管理员的用户名和密码)
b、学生文件:写入的是学生对象(封装了学生已选课程列表,已经上过的课程字典:key:课程对象 value:上课信息列表,是列表格式)
c、课程列表course_list、老师列表teacher_lis,都是列表格式。
三、文件概述
bin目录:存放administrator.py文件和students.py文件
config目录:存放settings.py文件,即配置文件
db目录:存放与数据相关的文件,包括课程列表course_list、老师列表teacher_list、学生文件夹、管理员文件夹
lib目录:存放models.py文件,即存放公共的模块
log目录:存放日志文件
四、代码实现
4.1 配置文件settings.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | import os BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)) #配置文件的上级目录 BASE_ADMIN_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db" , "admin" ) #管理员目录 BASE_STUDENTS_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db" , "students" ) #学生目录 TEACHER_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db" , "teacher_list" ) #老师列表目录 COURSE_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db" , "course_list" ) #课程列表目录 |
4.2公共模块modules.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 | #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import random import time import pickle from config import settings import os class Teacher: """ 封装老师的相关信息 """ def __init__( self , name, age, admin): self .name = name self .age = age self .__assets = 0 self .create_time = time.strftime( '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ) self .create_admin = admin def gain( self , cost): """ 增加资产 :param cost: 增加的数量 :return: """ self .__assets + = cost def decrease( self , cost): """ 减少资产 :param cost: 减少的数量 :return: """ self .__assets - = cost class Course: """ 课程相关信息 """ def __init__( self , course_name, cost, teacher_obj, admin): self .course_name = course_name self .cost = cost self .teacher = teacher_obj self .create_time = time.strftime( '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ) self .create_admin = admin def have_lesson( self ): """ 课程上课,自动给相关联的任课老师增加课时费 :return: 课程内容返回给上课者 """ self .teacher.gain( self .cost) content = random.randrange( 10 , 100 ) r = time.strftime( '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ) temp = "课程:%s;老师:%s;内容:%d;时间:%f" % ( self .course_name, self .teacher, content, r) return temp def absence( self ): """ 教学事故 :return: """ self .teacher.decrease( self .cost * 2 ) class Admin: def __init__( self ): self .username = None self .password = None def login( self , user, pwd): """ 管理员登陆 :param user: :param pwd: :return: """ if self .username = = user and self .password = = pwd: return True else : return False def register( self , user, pwd): """ 管理员注册 :param user: :param pwd: :return: """ self .username = user self .password = pwd path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, self .username) #管理员目录 pickle.dump( self , open (path, 'xb' )) #将管理员对象写入文件 class Student: """ 学生相关信息 """ def __init__( self ): self .username = None self .password = None self .course_list = [] self .study_dict = {} def select_course( self , course_obj): """ 学生选课 :param course_obj: :return: """ self .course_list.append(course_obj) #将课程对象添加进课程列表 def study( self , course_obj): """ 学生上课 :param course_obj: :return: """ class_result = course_obj.have_lesson() #获取学生上课信息 if course_obj in self .study_dict.keys(): #key:课程对象 value:上课信息列表,是列表格式 self .study_dict[course_obj].append(class_result) #将上课信息列表添加进上一次的列表中 else : self .study_dict[course_obj] = [class_result, ] #创建该课程对象的键值对 def login( self , user, pwd): """ 学生登陆 :param user: :param pwd: :return: """ if self .username = = user and self .password = = pwd: return True else : return False def register( self , user, pwd): """ 学生注册 :param user: :param pwd: :return: """ self .username = user self .password = pwd path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, self .username) #学生目录 pickle.dump( self , open (path, 'xb' )) #将学生对象写入学生目录 |
4.3管理员文件administrator.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 | #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import os import sys sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))) import random import time import pickle import os from lib import models from config import settings from lib.models import * def create_course(admin_obj): teacher_list = pickle.load( open (settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb' )) #读取老师清单 for num, item in enumerate (teacher_list, 1 ): #打印老师清单 print (num, item.name,item.age,item.create_time,item.create_admin.username) course_list = [] #创建课程列表 while True : name = input ( '请输入课程名称(q退出):' ) if name = = 'q' : break cost = input ( '请输入课时费:' ) num = input ( '选择老师(序号):' ) obj = models.Course(name, cost, teacher_list[ int (num) - 1 ], admin_obj) #创建课程对象 course_list.append(obj) if os.path.exists(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR): #如果有课程列表 exists_list = pickle.load( open (settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb' )) course_list.extend(exists_list) #对原有课程列表进行扩展 pickle.dump(course_list, open (settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'wb' )) #将学生列表写入文件 def create_teacher(admin_obj): teacher_list = [] #创建老师列表 while True : teacher_name = input ( '请输入老师姓名(q表示退出)' ) if teacher_name = = 'q' : break teacher_age = input ( '请输入老师年龄' ) obj = models.Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_age, admin_obj) #创建老师对象 teacher_list.append(obj) if os.path.exists(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR): exists_list = pickle.load( open (settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb' )) teacher_list.extend(exists_list) #对原有老师列表进行扩展 pickle.dump(teacher_list, open (settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'wb' )) #将老师列表写入文件 def login(user,pwd): if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user)): # 从文件中将管理员对象读取出来(里面封装了用户信息以及提供了登录方法) admin_obj = pickle.load( open (os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user), 'rb' )) if admin_obj.login(user, pwd): print ( '登录成功' ) while True : sel = input ( "1、创建老师;2、创建课程" ) if sel = = '1' : create_teacher(admin_obj) elif sel = = '2' : create_course(admin_obj) else : break else : return 1 else : return 0 def regiter(user,pwd): admin_obj = models.Admin() admin_obj.register(user, pwd) def main(): inp = input ( "1、管理员登录;2、管理员注册;\n >>>" ) user = input ( '请输入用户名:' ) pwd = input ( '请输入密码:' ) if inp = = '1' : ret = login(user, pwd) if ret = = 1 : print ( '密码错误' ) elif ret = = 0 : print ( '用户不存在' ) elif inp = = '2' : regiter(user, pwd) if __name__ = = "__main__" : main() |
4.4学生文件students.py
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 | #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import os import sys sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))) import pickle from lib import models from config import settings from lib.models import Course from lib.models import Admin from lib.models import Teacher def course_info(student_obj): #打印已选课程信息 for item in student_obj.course_list: print (item.course_name, item.teacher.name) def select_course(student_obj): #选择课程 course_list = pickle.load( open (settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb' )) #从文件读取课程 for num, item in enumerate (course_list, 1 ): print (num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name) #打印课程列表 while True : num = input ( "请选择课程(q退出):" ) if num = = "q" : break ; selected_course_obj = course_list[ int (num) - 1 ] #根据序号选择课程 if selected_course_obj not in student_obj.course_list: student_obj.course_list.append(selected_course_obj) #添加进该学生的课程列表 pickle.dump(student_obj, open (os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, student_obj.username), 'wb' )) #将学生对象dump进文件,封装学生选课列表,上课字典信息 def login(user, pwd): if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user)): student_obj = pickle.load( open (os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user), 'rb' )) if student_obj.login(user,pwd): #如果登陆成功 while True : inp = input ( '1、选课;2、上课;3、查看课程信息' ) if inp = = '1' : select_course(student_obj) elif inp = = '3' : course_info(student_obj) else : break else : print ( '密码错误' ) else : print ( '用户不存在' ) def register(user, pwd): obj = models.Student() obj.register(user,pwd) def main(): inp = input ( '1、登录;2、注册 \n >>>' ) user = input ( "用户名:" ) pwd = input ( "密码:" ) if inp = = "1" : login(user,pwd) elif inp = = "2" : register(user, pwd) if __name__ = = "__main__" : main() |